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What is a sustainable European value chain for lithium ion batteries?

A sustainable European value chain for Lithium Ion batteries requires the development of hybrid energy storage devices which combine the advantages of Lithium Ion Batteries (high energy density) with those of Ultracapacitors (high power density, long lifetime).

Will China remain the largest battery manufacturer?

Amid tough competition and shrinking margins, the number of companies producing batteries in China is likely to fall, and certain producers will acquire greater influence and pricing power. Even so, China is expected to remain the largest battery manufacturer by some distance in the medium-term. IEA. Licence: CC BY 4.0

Is China a threat to Europe's Lithium-ion battery industry?

“This dependency makes Europe vulnerable. Geopolitical tensions or export stops could lead to massive economic damage and losses running into billions,” warns Lux. The study by the Münster researchers shows that China dominates the entire lithium-ion battery value chain - from raw materials to production, worldwide.

Does China control the lithium-ion battery supply chain?

In a recent study, researchers from Fraunhofer FFB and the University of Münster analyzed the ownership structures and geopolitical dependencies along this supply chain. The result: China controls almost the entire value chain of lithium-ion batteries - from the extraction of raw materials to the production of the batteries.

Which countries manufacture NMC batteries?

Korea and Japan are already major players in the global battery industry, home to key battery makers and specialised suppliers with strong expertise in NMC batteries. Both countries have limited domestic battery production but host established manufacturers with significant overseas investments.

How much battery material does China Import & Export?

China imported almost 12 million short tons of raw and processed battery minerals, accounting for 44% of interregional trade, and exported almost 11 million short tons of battery materials, packs, and components, or 58% of interregional trade in 2023, according to regional UN Comtrade data.